Mesopotamia And Its Impact On Ancient Civilization

Mesopotamia, or â€Å"land between the rivers† as the name translates to in Greek, is exactly as it states; in the region of southwestern Asia, the land itself is named for it s initial position between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers. However, Mesopotamia can be defined as having a reach into what is now Syria, Turkey and most of Iraq (History of Mesopotamia, 2016). This ancient civilization houses one of the earliest cities throughout human history, appearing around 3500 BC, though human settlement looks to have arrived some time before. From the many achievements that stemmed from this great society, a number of conflicts and significant warfare follow suit as this ancient culture would eventually fade and fall among the ranks as a historical mark in the ongoing timeline of humanity. Often time referred to as â€Å" The Cradle of Civilization†, Mesopotamia consisted of plains to the north and flourished jungles and aquatic life to the south. For their other resources such as, timber, stones, and metals, they had to be imported from East of the civilization. Cities developed solely around the rivers, though expanded further out than just the area between the two watercourses, giving them an advantage for agriculture needs such as irrigation. Mesopotamia s geographical placement was a complicated matter due to inconsistencies with the river Tigris would later prove to conflict with the nearby inhabitants. Tigris is a rough, fast flowing and harsh river, establishing itself to beShow MoreRelatedHow Did the Geographic Features of Ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia Impact Civilization Development?1786 Words   |  8 Pagesimpacted a civilizations development in great measures. Depending on the resources available or the detriments present due to certain topographical characteristics like rivers or deserts, a civilization could flourish or collapse. By studying the geographic features of growing societies like the Nile, Euphrates, and Tigris Rivers as we ll as the Mediterranean Sea of Egypt and Mesopotamia, the link between developing cultures and geography will be examined through sources, including Egypt: Ancient CultureRead MoreEssay on Compare and Contrast Egypt and Mesopotamia901 Words   |  4 Pagesdeveloped around the Nile River, while Mesopotamia developed between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers. Egypt and Mesopotamia grew into complex civilizations. Politically, both Egypt and Mesopotamia had a government with one main ruler, but Egypt had a centralized government with a pharaoh, while Mesopotamia had a decentralized government with a king. Socially, both civilizations were patriarchal, but Egypt was more lenient towards women while Mesopotamia was stricter. The political and socialRead MoreMesopotamia, Egypt and China Essay871 Words   |  4 PagesThe civilizations of ancient Egypt, Mesopotamia and China were all different but were also developed similar ways of doing things. The political, economic and intellectual outlooks of these ancient peoples say a lot about their ways of life. The religious views of Egypt and Mesopotamia were rather different. II. Politics The political thinking of these ancient civilizations definitely had their differences and also their similarities. A. Mesopotamia Mesopotamia was divided into city-statesRead MoreEssay On Ancient Egypt And Mesopotamia867 Words   |  4 Pages Though most ancient civilizations settled on rivers, each one tended to be different due to the characteristics of their nearby rivers. Two civilizations that differed significantly from one another were the civilizations of Mesopotamia and ancient Egypt. Not only are the rivers of Mesopotamia and ancient Egypt seemingly perfect to compare, but the two civilizations also existed around the same time as one another; meaning that the overall impact of their respective rivers on their societies canRead MoreDifferences Between Mesopotamia And Egypt1337 Words   |  6 Pages Although Mesopotamia and Egypt are similar in many ways, they also have many differences. This essay will point out the differences and similarities of how these civilizations were governed, how the geography affected the people of these civilizations and the outlook these people had. Geography helped to define both Mesopotamia and Egypt, but Egypt, without a doubt had an easier lifestyle and definitely not as difficult as Mesopotamia. Egypt was mostly cut off from the entire world by the environmentRead More Mesopotamia Urbanization Essay1389 Words   |  6 PagesIn ancient times, Mesopotamia was known as the â€Å"Land between rivers†. The two main rivers that ran parallel to each other in Mesopotamia were called the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers. The Tigris River was the more unpredictable river to the East of the Euphrates River and the second largest river in the region. The Euphrates River is the larger of the two rivers and is located to the West of the Tigris river. Both rivers flowed from Eastern Turkey all the way to the Persian Gulf (Tigris-EuphratesRead MoreChange over Time Essay: Mesopotamia from 2000 Bce to Current Day1078 Words   |  5 Pagesover Time Essay: Mesopotamia from 2000 BCE to Current Day The earliest civilization in Asia arose around 3500 BCE in Mesopotamia meaning land between the rivers because of its convenient location between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers. This river valley regions rich soil and access to waterways made early civilization thrive on agriculture and trade. Although much has changed since its beginnings, the Mesopotamian River Valley has continued to grow and develop as a civilization to this day. DuringRead MoreSumerian vs. Egyptian Civilizations: Political Structure Religion Society and Culture820 Words   |  3 PagesDescribe the ancient Sumerian and Egyptian civilizations in terms of political structure, religion, society, and culture. Account for the similarities and differences between them. Despite the fact that ancient Sumerian and Egyptian civilizations grew up rather close together, both civilizations evolved in vastly different ways. The influence of geography cannot be underestimated. Although both civilizations were located in what is now the Middle East, ancient Sumerians lived in a constant stateRead MoreHistory And Evolution Of The Modern World922 Words   |  4 Pageshave a civilization, the highest form of human organization. In an organization, the living biotic creatures are given the ability to sustain and eventually assemble what they consider to be modern life. In ancient culture, prehistoric Mesopotamian and Egyptian cultures created what they believed to be a civilization. Through extensive use of resource and desire to evolve in humanity, both civilizations succeeded in leaving impact. However, Within Mesopotamian society, the long lasting impact of theirRead MoreThe Most Influential Innovators Of The Ancient World Essay1510 Words   |  7 PagesM esopotamia was once a vast fertile, green landscape with two mighty rivers, the Tigris and the Euphrates, running from the north to the south flowing into the Persian Sea. Sandy river valleys covered most of the south and mountain ranges dotted the north. This land was also known as the Fertile Crescent. Mesopotamia is one of the first major of civilization along with others that sprung up along major rivers around the world at approximately the same time. Mesopotamia was home to the Sumerians

Structural and Postmodern Social Work Theories - 2765 Words

Critical social work theory does not hold one single definition; rather it refers to an expansive range of theories that a share similar orientation. Critical social work is committed to working with and for oppressed populations to achieve social transformation. Critical social work recognizes that large scale social processes Ââ€" namely those associated with class, race and gender Ââ€" fundamentally contribute to the personal and social issues social workers encounter in practice (Healy, 2001). The core mission of critical social work is to promote social justice through social work practice and policy making. Critical social work draws on structural and postmodern approaches. Similarities and differences exist between these approaches in†¦show more content†¦Through collective action and emphasizing solidarity among the oppressed, a structural approach links the personal with the political, making it possible for people to consider their personal experience of oppressi on within a broader political understanding (Mullaly, 1997). Alternatively, Postmodern approaches focus on discourse analysis and discursive processes (Chambon and Irving, 1994). Postmodern critical social work approaches tend to focus less on targeting change at the broader political/structural level (Allan, 2003, p.57). The language of dominant discourses is analyzed for its potential to marginalize individuals and groups and prevent their rights and needs from being met (Allan, 2003, p.60). The difference in emphasis between the structural and postmodern approaches on where social workers should focus their attention and actions to bring about change illustrate the tension between diversity and solidarity, or mutual interdependence (Allan, 2003, p.58). Both approaches are committed to change-oriented ways of working, holding particular attention to the socio-political and cultural contexts in which people or issues are situated, and to workings of power through ideologies or discourses (Allan, 2003, p.58). Structural social work views social problems as arising from a specific societal context, that being liberal/neo-conservative capitalism, rather than from the failings of individuals (Mullaly, 1997). StructuralShow MoreRelatedEssay Sociology676 Words   |  3 Pages For each, what are the key tenets? How does each explain how society works? Functionalist Perspectives† also known as Structural-Functional Paradigm†- â€Å"The sociological approach that views society as a stable, orderly system. According to this perspective, a society is composed of interrelated parts, each of which serves a function and (ideally) contributes to the overall stability of the society. Societies develop social structures, or institutions that persist because they play a part in helpingRead MoreTheoretical Perspectives Of Abortion879 Words   |  4 Pagesbe examined by the three theoretical perspectives; Structural Functionalism, Conflict Theory, and Postmodern Theory. This essay explains what the three theoretical perspectives are and how they view the social issue of abortion. Structural Functionalism states that everything in society serves a purpose, whether it is positive or negative. Structuralists look at the bigger picture of culture. The positive aspects of abortion, from the structural functionalists’ point of view, are that it allows womenRead MoreRadical Criminological Theories Of Conflict Theory2262 Words   |  10 Pagesconflict theory assumes that society is based primarily on conflict between competing interest groups. Some current examples of this would be the all lives movement versus the black lives movement, and republicans versus democrats. Usually, in these cases one group is more dominant than the other as it has assumed more power versus the more subordinate group. Conflict theory originated with the work of Karl Marx in the mid-1800s. Marx understood human society in terms of conflict between social classesRead MoreCanadian Social Work Practice : A New Horizon Of Learning Essay1660 Words   |  7 PagesCanadian Social Work P ractice: A New Horizon of Learning My clear and definite understanding of critical theories and postmodern thoughts provides me significant and appropriate frameworks to practice as a progressive social worker in Canadian context (Morley, 2003). My exploration of reflective practice and the fundamentals of critical self reflection approach enhanced my understanding of specific client situations. Moreover, my learning about anti-racist and anti-oppressive practice helpsRead MoreNarrative Therapy1612 Words   |  7 Pagesnarrative therapy which gained popularity in the 1990’s (Biggs Hinton-Bayre, 2008). In developing narrative therapy White and Epston were influenced by many of their peers. These peers included leading figures such as post modernist Michael Foucault, social scientist Gregory Bateson, and cognitive psychologist Jerome Bruner to name a few (Biggs Hinton-Bayre, 2008). As one can see these are individuals with varying backgrounds and specialties. To provide a brief overview of narrative therapy it is aRead Morecheat sheet1448 Words   |  6 PagesWright Mills, the beginner’s mind from Bernard McGrane, and the idea of culture shock from anthropology. Explain what all three of these concepts have in common. Response: All three of these concepts have in common are the idea of breaking down social barriers to gain a different perspective on culture people and behaviors. When a person is in a new area where the culture is different it is betters to break down walls and keep an open mind they all deal with society and the differences theyRead MoreP Mod Family1214 Words   |  5 Pagesfamilies, biology/legal ties are not the only basis for those | | | |claims. | | |Traditional theories do not |Traditional structural theories, Functionalism, Marxism, and Feminism, assume the | | |explain the society of today. |family being explained is the traditional nuclear family, this is not relevant any | | | Read MoreConsumerism In Fight Club1485 Words   |  6 Pagesmasculinity and the effects of social stratification through numerous sociological concepts such as conflict, postmodern, structural strain theory. The escape of conventionalism may result in the lack of resources to contribute a society’s goals. In the film, Tyler mentioned We ve all been raised to believe that we ll be millionaires and movie idols. But we won t!. (Fincher 1999). This quote demonstrates that the â€Å"American Dream† is where anyone can become rich if they work hard and provide servicesRead MoreOutline and Evaluate Postmodern Views on the Diversity of Family Life984 Words   |  4 PagesOutline and evaluate postmodern views on the diversity of family life† Postmodern sociologists support the view that family has become diverse in contemporary UK. They see that people have become fragmented and identities are more individualistic, meaning everyone is different and let them be. Family life is different for everyone. Stacey (1996) says that the family no longer progresses through a range of stages. Meaning everyone is diverse, and that there is no longer a dominant type ofRead MoreAn Sociological Study And What We Call Sociological Imagination Essay736 Words   |  3 PagesIn these postmodern times where what was is no longer, or another power, we live in constant change. But man is trapped in their daily lives, he lives in a moral paralysis without fully accept that life affects you, it affects society because both are considered together. Our time is characterized by malaise and indifference, lack of values ​​and feel threatened. The task of the social scientist is to clarify the elements of contemporary uneasiness and in difference. Today the information exceeds

Treating Animals with the Same Respect as Humans Free Essays

Treating animals with the same respect as humans In 2012 there were 35 000 animal cruelty cases reported in the media all over the world. What is more, there are many atrocious videos posted on the internet in which animals are being ill-treated or killed. Statistically, one fifth of all domestic animals are not well treated. We will write a custom essay sample on Treating Animals with the Same Respect as Humans or any similar topic only for you Order Now These facts arouse the question: ‘Should animals be treated with the same respect as humans? ’. In spite of the fact that animals are not conscious thinking creatures, they should be treated as humans because they are biologically similar to us and they are our companions. First and foremost, animals are biologically similar to humans. Their genetic code is similar to ours because it is made of the same nucleotides that encode amino acids. DNA is the carrier of genetic information in which our behaviour, appearance and genetic predispositions are encoded. Human and animals’ structure of DNA is almost the same. The best example is the DNA of the great apes which is in 95 percent similar to the human. Even though many people can say that animals do not feel anything, animals are able to feel pain, happiness or anger owing to the developed nervous system. The typical examples of that are a dog which howls when it feels pain and a cat which purrs when it is being stroked. Many experiments were held in which e. g. chimpanzees were learnt how to count fruits shown on the screen and with the right answer they were getting a reward, and they were able to learn it which is the clear proof that they are able to learn certain conducts in the course of time. Furthermore, many species of animals are human companions. Choicely trained dogs are used to help blind people function in the world. Jack is one of the many people who without his dog would only have to stay at home and be dependent on his family. However, it is not the life that those people want to live and dogs are the unbeatable mean of helping them in their day-to-day activities. Secondly, enormously keen sense of smell that sniffer dogs have is most useful in rescuing people who have been trapped under the rubble because they can smell the scent of human in the places where the sight of rescue team is limited. Cats or hamsters are bred because of the very simple reason – they are ideal for children. Most of them are tame and they like being stroked. On the other hand, opponents say that animals should not be treated as humans because they are not conscious thinking creatures. The only way of communication between them is using primitive codes, not developed language e. g. bees are dancing in order to communicate something to others or elephants are making sounds that are not audible for humans. What is more, these codes are only used by them in order to survive their assemblage. All in all, no matter what opponents may say, animals should be treated with the same respect as humans. They are biologically similar to humans at the DNA level and they are perfect human companions used in order to help people and beguile their free time. They should not be treated as if they did not feel anything. How to cite Treating Animals with the Same Respect as Humans, Papers

Organization Theories and the Human Relations Theories

Question: Organization theories and the Human Relations theories. In what way are the two sets of theories compatible with each other? In what way are they in conflict with each other? How might both these theories be useful in understanding organizational phenomena and organizational actions? Use real-world examples to illustrate your analysis. Answer: Introduction The classical organization theory is the combination of the scientific management, bureaucratic and administrative theory. Frederick Taylor stated the scientific management theory in the year 1917 (Hatch Cunliffe, 2013). The theory consists of four basic principles (Bybee, 2013): to observe the best way one can perform the task, Rank each person in each task, Use reward and punishments as key motivating steps for the workers, The management deals with the planning and control. Max Webers bureaucratic theory emphasized the importance of the division of labor (Hatch Cunliffe, 2013). The administrative theory is given by Mooney and Reiley (1931) which states that there exist a set of principles that will be applied to all the organization (Jiang et al., 2012). Human Resource theories explain the behaviors and structures of the management can result in the change of the employee behavior (Jiang et al., 2012). Acting upon the basic understandings of the Organizational behavior and HR theories, the small business owners can minimize the number of workers and thus, result in the increase in creativity and productivity (Hudson, 2015). The classical organization and the human resource theories are the management theories that are used even today. Both the theories are compatible with each other and the points of compatibility and differences have been discussed in brief below. Classical organization theory and Human resource theory compatibility There are several points where Organizational theory and Human resource theory are compatible with each other. Some of the points are discussed below (Hudson, 2015): Both the theories make use of different subjects: Organizational behavior and human resource theories are the combinations of several fields of sciences that include psychology, economics, political science, medicine, engineering, anthropology and many others (Marion Gonzales, 2013). For example study of medicine helps in understanding as to how the long- term stress affects the health of the employee (Bybee, 2013). Organizational functions: The HR theory states two points- The job performance and the increase in motivation of the workers (Hudson, 2015). Henry Fayol has stated that workers perform smoothly only when the management is working smoothly. This theory helps in laying down the main functions of management i.e. Planning, Organization, managing and controlling (Shafritz Ott Jang, 2015). Employee motivation: The classical theory and the human resource theory both the theories lay emphasis on the employee motivation (Hatch Cunliffe, 2013). Employee motivation will result in the efficient functioning of the organization. The human relations theory emerged with the belief that people desire to be a part of a team where there is the opportunity to grow and develop (Shafritz Ott Jang, 2015) Conflicts between Classical approach and Human relations approach Human relations theory laid its emphasis on the value the employee is creating and it also includes the needs and contribution of the employees (Hudson, 2015). Classical theory laid its emphasis on the good of the organization. The classical Management approach was developed to handle the problems that were arising in the factories (Jiang et al., 2012). The Approach found the way of managing and performing the task. The approach laid down certain standard method for doing the job and people were given training and worked more like machines (Shafritz Ott Jang, 2015). The approach states that to do the good job the worker's economic needs should be attained (Hudson, 2015). This thought is derived by the Adam Smith in his book named economic theory which stated that nature of the humans is rational (Hatch Cunliffe, 2013). Thus, the employee needs motivation in monetary terms. The Human Relations theories focused mainly on human workings and increasing the productivity of the work (Marion Gonzales, 2013). This Approach uses Maslow's hierarchy of needs which reflects that every human being has some needs that affect his performance and motivation. The needs that affect the performance of the workers are as follows: Physiological, safety, social, esteem and self- actualization needs (Bybee, 2013). Classical theory can establish the harmony in the organization by using the principles of commanding, planning and controlling (Bybee, 2013). This is why many big organizations follow this method. On the other hand, Human Relations Approach lays emphasis on the personnel management and leads to the better performance amongst the workers (Hatch Cunliffe, 2013). Classical organization theory and human resource theories are useful in understanding organizational phenomena and organizational actions The Organization conceptions and principles that are followed by the classical organization thus have a practical value in the organization (Jiang et al., 2012). The Human resource theory can turn into an advantage for the organization. Nowadays emphasis is being made on making the workforce competent and motivated to understand their role and deliver best results for the organization (Hudson, 2015). There are various motivating factors for the workers such as Incentives, promotions, job enrichment and job empowerment (Jiang et al., 2012). The employees of an organization play a very vital role. The Maslows theory is still used in the organization and forms the basis of motivational schemes in an organization (Bybee, 2013). The focus should be laid on employee motivation which results in high performance in the organization. However, even today human resource theory and the classical organization are being used by every organization ("Human Relations Management Theory Basics", 2011). The big organization such as General Motors, Ford Motor, Dell, Johnson Johnson, and Microsoft or the small organization all follows the theories of human resource and classical organization ("Human Relations Management Theory Basics", 2011). The companies create work division with response to the quality of the work the workers are provided the incentives and other benefits, on the other hand, human resource conducts the induction program for the employees, motivates employees to work hard. Reference Bybee, J. L. (2013). Usage-based theory and exemplar representations of constructions. InThe Oxford handbook of construction grammar. Hatch, M. J., Cunliffe, A. L. (2013).Organization theory: modern, symbolic and postmodern perspectives. Oxford university press. https://www.business.com/management-theory/human-relations-management-theory-basics/ Hudson, J. R. (2015). Theories of management. Jiang, K., Lepak, D. P., Hu, J., Baer, J. C. (2012). How does human resource management influence organizational outcomes? A meta-analytic investigation of mediating mechanisms.Academy of management Journal,55(6), 1264-1294. Marion, R., Gonzales, L. D. (2013).Leadership in education: Organizational theory for the practitioner. Waveland Press. Shafritz, J. M., Ott, J. S., Jang, Y. S. (2015).Classics of organization theory. Cengage Learning.