Keep Sharing as the Debate on essays

Continue Sharing as the Debate on papers There is a war seething all through the music business at this moment. Shockingly it isn't about which huge star can sell the most records by creating the best music. Rather, this fight doesnt truly include any large names whatsoever. It is truth be told, about the little person, the purchaser, and all the more explicitly the downloader. You know, the person who sits before his PC the entire day and late evening trading records and downloading tracks from various sites. These individuals have been around for much longer than a large number of us understand. Anyway it was hard to track down music five or ten years back. Just effortlessly of interface of destinations, for example, Napster, Kazaa, and Morpheus did their numbers increment to a level that caused worry with numerous craftsmen just as the Record Industry Association of America. These gatherings were worried that this blast of Peer-to-Peer document sharing was radically decreasing their benefits and made a push to have these destinations closed down and their clients halted, or if nothing else made to pay for their utilization. They feel these destinations are unlawful and corrupt. While the lawful issues relating to this case are hazy and well past the domain of my understanding, I can address the profound quality of this issue and feel emphatically that document sharing ought to remain completely lawful, and that record sharing, except for a little level of the individuals that utilization it, is good in reality. Also the way that it really helps more craftsmen, more regularly than it impedes them. Record sharing may really help the music business by cultivating the normal choice of the best specialists while compelling the phony and unskilled performers out of the business. This entire catastrophe could have been evaded if the music business would have grasp the idea of document sharing and utilized it as another device to disseminate their item. Rather, they decided to overlook it, either out of dr ead or sheer numbness and it has now feste... <!

Ipt Hsc Essay Example

Ipt Hsc Essay Data Processes and Technology Study Notes Project Management ? Undertaking Management is an arranged and progressing process that controls all the improvement assignments and assets all through an activities advancement ? A Project Plan sorts out the undertaking by determining who will carry out the responsibility, what must be done, how the errand is done, what assets are required, and what is not out of the ordinary ? Undertaking MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUES ? Undivided attention: Listening to individuals is the primary wellspring of basic data required for an undertaking to run easily. Listening isn't equivalent to hearing; to listen requires consideration and association ? Reflecting: Involves rehashing back a portion of the speakers catchphrases †showing that you are intrigued and might want to know and see more ? Rewording: Listener utilizes their own words to clarify what they think the speaker just said. The audience reflects emotions just as importance in their reaction ? Summing up: Listener affirms their comprehension in the speakers mind, and thus assists with finishing the discussion ? Explaining: Listener poses inquiries or offers expressions that urge the speaker to give progressively itemized clarifications ? Inspirational: Encourage the speaker and fortify in their psyche that you are for sure tuning in and are keen on what they need to state ? Compromise: Need to oversee strife with the goal that issues are settled properly for all concerned, and to the greatest advantage of the undertaking ? Arrangement Skills: Negotiation ought to be an amicable trade where contrasts are contended legitimately and in a contemplated way. We will compose a custom article test on Ipt Hsc explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom article test on Ipt Hsc explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom exposition test on Ipt Hsc explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer This can even forestall circumstances driving towards clashes ? Group BUILDING SKILLS ? â€Å"Tuckman† Stages of Team Development: ? 1. Shaping †Team individuals are just barely becoming more acquainted with one another ? 2. Raging †People are starting to feel good with one another ? 3. Norming †Team individuals currently perceive their disparities ? 4. Performing †The group is presently working as a powerful, gainful unit ? Group Building †building a group of at least two individuals with complimentary aptitudes, practices and characters who are focused on accomplishing a shared objective ? Favorable circumstances †The individuals inside the group are considerably more gainful, and the frameworks they create are of higher caliber ? Detriments †Financial misfortune, business misfortune and botched chances †incapable to comply with time constraints, produce quality work and work inside budgetary requirements ? Task PLAN INCLUDES: ? Gantt Chart: Indicates when assignments should be finished by ? Diary and Diary Entries: The journal is a record of arrangements, occasions and gatherings. The diary is a nitty gritty record of what occurred at each gathering, how assignments have been allotted, and when undertakings are to be finished ? Financing Management Plan: Record of the booking and costing of undertakings, and different costs ? Correspondence Management Plan: Record of when gatherings are to be held all through the improvement of the data framework ? SOCIAL AND ETHICAL ISSUES ? The workplace, including wellbeing and security issues, for example, ergonomic structure of furniture, suitable lightning, and fitting clamor levels ? Security of information and data during improvement ? Copyright issues including who will retrain the copyrights for the new framework ? Regard for the privileges of necessities and individual colleagues â€, for example, security ? 1) UNDERSTANDING THE PROBLEM ? Frameworks Analyst: An individual who examinations frameworks, decides necessities and plans new data frameworks ? Necessities: Features, properties or practices that a framework must need to accomplish its motivation ? Key Question 1: What are the issues with the current framework? ? Key Question 2: How does the current framework work? A comprehension of the activities of the current framework must be comprehended ? Key Question 3: How would you distinguish the issues with the current framework? ? Answer to Question 3: Interview and Survey PARTICIPANTS in the current framework †They can distinguish issues and frequently they additionally have thoughts concerning taking care of these issues ? Answer to Question 3: Interview and Survey USERS in the current framework †Most data frameworks are principally worried about satisfying the necessities of its clients, so their perspectives and suppositions on the frameworks are indispensable ? Model: Needs to be created, and is delivered to explain how the framework functions, just as explain the idea of the issue, and speak to how the new framework may function ? After all the data has been assembled, a REQUIREMENTS REPORT is delivered †An announcement about the reason/prerequisites of the new data framework ? A necessities report incorporates points and destinations of the framework, and how it will HELP the association ? 2) MAKING DECISIONS/PLANNING ? Monetary: to decide if the framework is reasonable. This includes cost/advantage examination to decide both beginning expenses to actualize the framework, and afterward repeating expenses to keep up the framework ? Operational: to decide if a framework will be usable by the objective clients. The clients must have the option to viably utilize, or to work, the framework ? Specialized: to figure out what equipment and programming (Information Technology) is as of now being utilized, and afterward to decide if the equipment and programming to construct the framework exists ? Planning: to decide the time span in which a framework must be created. To decide if it will have the option to be finished inside the predefined time allotment, it is valuable to utilize venture arranging instruments, for example, Gantt Charts ? Conventional (Structured): AS the name recommends, includes organized, bit by bit arranges, which each must be finished before continuing to the subsequent stage. †1. Understanding the issue, 2. Arranging, 3. Structuring, 4. Executing, 5. Testing, Evaluating and Maintaining ? Redistributing: Involves utilizing another organization to create portions of the framework, or even the total framework ? Prototyping: A CIRCULAR way to deal with frameworks advancement, and new models of the framework are continually being made in a circle before usage: Designing Testing/Evaluating Understanding the Problem Designing†¦. The models in the end develop to a point where they become the last arrangement, and are basically prepared to move unaware of what's going on, and for the following stage execution ? Customisation: A current framework is tweaked to suit the necessities and prerequisites of the new framework. In all actuality †most business frameworks are tweaked adaptations of existing frameworks ? Member: Means that similar individuals who will utilize and work the last framework build up the framework ? Spry: A methodology that places accentuation in the group building up the framework as opposed to following a predefined organized improvement process ? 3) DESIGNING SOLUTIONS/DESIGNING ? Configuration Tools: ? Framework Flowcharts are a diagrammatic way or speaking to both the progression of information and rationale through a data framework [pic] ? Information Flow Diagrams depict the way information takes through a framework. No rationale, and no endeavor is made to show the planning of occasions [pic] Context Diagrams are utilized to speak to whole data frameworks [pic] ? A Data Dictionary contains a thorough depiction of each field in one of the databases related with the data framework. It generally incorporates (4): field name, information type, field size, and a depiction of the reason [pic] ? Storyboards give a general outline of the data framework. They are utilized to record the screens utilized in a framework, and the stream between them. ? Storyboards accentuate the UI of a framework instead of the capacities performed by the framework ? Straight Storyboard: modules are organized in a grouping [pic] ? Progressive Storyboard: modules are organized in plummeting levels [pic] ? Choice Tables speak to every conceivable condition and activities that will result |CONDITIONS |RULES |-|-|-| |Mark = 80 |Y |N | |Mark = 60 and =45 and

Explanatory Styles and Their Role in Stress

Explanatory Styles and Their Role in Stress Stress Management Management Techniques Print Explanatory Styles and Their Role in Stress By Elizabeth Scott, MS twitter Elizabeth Scott, MS, is a wellness coach specializing in stress management and quality of life, and the author of 8 Keys to Stress Management. Learn about our editorial policy Elizabeth Scott, MS Updated on February 13, 2020 How Stress Impacts Your Health Overview Signs of Burnout Stress and Weight Gain Benefits of Exercise Stress Reduction Tips Self-Care Practices Mindful Living Betsie Van Der Meer / Taxi / Getty Images Your explanatory style affects your life in ways you may not realize. It can minimize your stress response or exacerbate it. It can keep you feeling safe in socially dangerous situations, or endangered in relatively safe ones. It can motivate you when youre faced with challenges or leave you feeling vulnerable to them. Psychologists use the term explanatory style to describe how people explain the events of their lives. When something happens, our explanatory style is part of how we process it, attach meaning to it, and assess it as a threat or a challenge in our lives.  Its part self-talk and part self-perception, and it affects stress levels in multiple ways. Aspects of Explanatory Style There are three facets of how people can explain a situation to themselves. Each one can lean toward optimism or pessimism: Stable vs. Unstable This has to do with how you perceive the permanence of a situation. Is it changing across time or unchanging? Do you expect things to get better or worse, or stay exactly as they are for a long time?  This can make a difference in how stressful something seems.  If you are taking a stressful class in school, you at least know that the class will be over in a few months (whereas a stressful job may be something to deal with for years). Global vs. Local Is a stressor universal throughout your life (that is, pervasive)? Or is it specific to a part of your life?  A good example of this is the feeling of having good or bad luck.  If you feel yourself to be unlucky (bad luck pervades throughout your life), one negative experience may seem like an omen that more bad things are to come.  Likewise, if you attribute a poor performance at work as being due to something global like a perceived inability to do the job well, one failure may seem like a sign of more failures to come. Someone who views one poor performance as being a sign of a bad day or lack of sleepâ€"something more local and less globalâ€"will have an easier time shaking off one failure. Internal vs. External Do you see the cause of an event as within yourself (personalization) or outside yourself?  If you are having a difficult day and you see it as being your fault, youll feel more stressed than if you see it as due to factors other than you.  Likewise, when you are facing conflict with others, seeing the problem as being rooted in something that is their problem rather than your fault can help you to take things less personally and feel less hurt.   If many people have the same complaints about you, it helps to look at what they are saying to assess whether there is something you may want to change. But generally, it helps to know that many of peoples complaints can have more to do with them than with you. Explanatory Style and Your Stress Levels Explanatory styles affect how we perceive the world, which can affect our experience of stress as well as our reactions to our stressors. If we have a positive explanatory style, we may feel less stressed by challenging experiences because a positive explanatory style can minimize the perceived severity of stressorsâ€"they seem like theyre not such a big deal, will be over soon, are not our fault, and will not necessarily recur. Negative explanatory styles tend to create more stress in life  and can make our stressors feel more threatening. As you may have guessed, optimists tend to have more positive explanatory stylesâ€"ones that minimize stressful situations as unstable, local, and external and take credit for positive experiences as being more stable, global, and internal.   Pessimists tend to see things in the opposite way, which can make stress seem like a bigger deal than it may need to be, and expands stressful feelings and even, research shows, symptoms of depression. Studies also show that people with negative explanatory styles may have more trouble recovering from heart transplants and other stressful life events. Change Your Explanatory Style Explanatory styles can be altered with attention and practice. You will need to learn to recognize your own cognitive distortions and practice cognitive restructuring techniques to change those distortions. Doing so can lead to a change in explanatory styles from a negative explanatory style to a more positive one. 5 Steps to Becoming More of an Optimist

Mesopotamia And Its Impact On Ancient Civilization

Mesopotamia, or â€Å"land between the rivers† as the name translates to in Greek, is exactly as it states; in the region of southwestern Asia, the land itself is named for it s initial position between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers. However, Mesopotamia can be defined as having a reach into what is now Syria, Turkey and most of Iraq (History of Mesopotamia, 2016). This ancient civilization houses one of the earliest cities throughout human history, appearing around 3500 BC, though human settlement looks to have arrived some time before. From the many achievements that stemmed from this great society, a number of conflicts and significant warfare follow suit as this ancient culture would eventually fade and fall among the ranks as a historical mark in the ongoing timeline of humanity. Often time referred to as â€Å" The Cradle of Civilization†, Mesopotamia consisted of plains to the north and flourished jungles and aquatic life to the south. For their other resources such as, timber, stones, and metals, they had to be imported from East of the civilization. Cities developed solely around the rivers, though expanded further out than just the area between the two watercourses, giving them an advantage for agriculture needs such as irrigation. Mesopotamia s geographical placement was a complicated matter due to inconsistencies with the river Tigris would later prove to conflict with the nearby inhabitants. Tigris is a rough, fast flowing and harsh river, establishing itself to beShow MoreRelatedHow Did the Geographic Features of Ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia Impact Civilization Development?1786 Words   |  8 Pagesimpacted a civilizations development in great measures. Depending on the resources available or the detriments present due to certain topographical characteristics like rivers or deserts, a civilization could flourish or collapse. By studying the geographic features of growing societies like the Nile, Euphrates, and Tigris Rivers as we ll as the Mediterranean Sea of Egypt and Mesopotamia, the link between developing cultures and geography will be examined through sources, including Egypt: Ancient CultureRead MoreEssay on Compare and Contrast Egypt and Mesopotamia901 Words   |  4 Pagesdeveloped around the Nile River, while Mesopotamia developed between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers. Egypt and Mesopotamia grew into complex civilizations. Politically, both Egypt and Mesopotamia had a government with one main ruler, but Egypt had a centralized government with a pharaoh, while Mesopotamia had a decentralized government with a king. Socially, both civilizations were patriarchal, but Egypt was more lenient towards women while Mesopotamia was stricter. The political and socialRead MoreMesopotamia, Egypt and China Essay871 Words   |  4 PagesThe civilizations of ancient Egypt, Mesopotamia and China were all different but were also developed similar ways of doing things. The political, economic and intellectual outlooks of these ancient peoples say a lot about their ways of life. The religious views of Egypt and Mesopotamia were rather different. II. Politics The political thinking of these ancient civilizations definitely had their differences and also their similarities. A. Mesopotamia Mesopotamia was divided into city-statesRead MoreEssay On Ancient Egypt And Mesopotamia867 Words   |  4 Pages Though most ancient civilizations settled on rivers, each one tended to be different due to the characteristics of their nearby rivers. Two civilizations that differed significantly from one another were the civilizations of Mesopotamia and ancient Egypt. Not only are the rivers of Mesopotamia and ancient Egypt seemingly perfect to compare, but the two civilizations also existed around the same time as one another; meaning that the overall impact of their respective rivers on their societies canRead MoreDifferences Between Mesopotamia And Egypt1337 Words   |  6 Pages Although Mesopotamia and Egypt are similar in many ways, they also have many differences. This essay will point out the differences and similarities of how these civilizations were governed, how the geography affected the people of these civilizations and the outlook these people had. Geography helped to define both Mesopotamia and Egypt, but Egypt, without a doubt had an easier lifestyle and definitely not as difficult as Mesopotamia. Egypt was mostly cut off from the entire world by the environmentRead More Mesopotamia Urbanization Essay1389 Words   |  6 PagesIn ancient times, Mesopotamia was known as the â€Å"Land between rivers†. The two main rivers that ran parallel to each other in Mesopotamia were called the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers. The Tigris River was the more unpredictable river to the East of the Euphrates River and the second largest river in the region. The Euphrates River is the larger of the two rivers and is located to the West of the Tigris river. Both rivers flowed from Eastern Turkey all the way to the Persian Gulf (Tigris-EuphratesRead MoreChange over Time Essay: Mesopotamia from 2000 Bce to Current Day1078 Words   |  5 Pagesover Time Essay: Mesopotamia from 2000 BCE to Current Day The earliest civilization in Asia arose around 3500 BCE in Mesopotamia meaning land between the rivers because of its convenient location between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers. This river valley regions rich soil and access to waterways made early civilization thrive on agriculture and trade. Although much has changed since its beginnings, the Mesopotamian River Valley has continued to grow and develop as a civilization to this day. DuringRead MoreSumerian vs. Egyptian Civilizations: Political Structure Religion Society and Culture820 Words   |  3 PagesDescribe the ancient Sumerian and Egyptian civilizations in terms of political structure, religion, society, and culture. Account for the similarities and differences between them. Despite the fact that ancient Sumerian and Egyptian civilizations grew up rather close together, both civilizations evolved in vastly different ways. The influence of geography cannot be underestimated. Although both civilizations were located in what is now the Middle East, ancient Sumerians lived in a constant stateRead MoreHistory And Evolution Of The Modern World922 Words   |  4 Pageshave a civilization, the highest form of human organization. In an organization, the living biotic creatures are given the ability to sustain and eventually assemble what they consider to be modern life. In ancient culture, prehistoric Mesopotamian and Egyptian cultures created what they believed to be a civilization. Through extensive use of resource and desire to evolve in humanity, both civilizations succeeded in leaving impact. However, Within Mesopotamian society, the long lasting impact of theirRead MoreThe Most Influential Innovators Of The Ancient World Essay1510 Words   |  7 PagesM esopotamia was once a vast fertile, green landscape with two mighty rivers, the Tigris and the Euphrates, running from the north to the south flowing into the Persian Sea. Sandy river valleys covered most of the south and mountain ranges dotted the north. This land was also known as the Fertile Crescent. Mesopotamia is one of the first major of civilization along with others that sprung up along major rivers around the world at approximately the same time. Mesopotamia was home to the Sumerians

Structural and Postmodern Social Work Theories - 2765 Words

Critical social work theory does not hold one single definition; rather it refers to an expansive range of theories that a share similar orientation. Critical social work is committed to working with and for oppressed populations to achieve social transformation. Critical social work recognizes that large scale social processes Ââ€" namely those associated with class, race and gender Ââ€" fundamentally contribute to the personal and social issues social workers encounter in practice (Healy, 2001). The core mission of critical social work is to promote social justice through social work practice and policy making. Critical social work draws on structural and postmodern approaches. Similarities and differences exist between these approaches in†¦show more content†¦Through collective action and emphasizing solidarity among the oppressed, a structural approach links the personal with the political, making it possible for people to consider their personal experience of oppressi on within a broader political understanding (Mullaly, 1997). Alternatively, Postmodern approaches focus on discourse analysis and discursive processes (Chambon and Irving, 1994). Postmodern critical social work approaches tend to focus less on targeting change at the broader political/structural level (Allan, 2003, p.57). The language of dominant discourses is analyzed for its potential to marginalize individuals and groups and prevent their rights and needs from being met (Allan, 2003, p.60). The difference in emphasis between the structural and postmodern approaches on where social workers should focus their attention and actions to bring about change illustrate the tension between diversity and solidarity, or mutual interdependence (Allan, 2003, p.58). Both approaches are committed to change-oriented ways of working, holding particular attention to the socio-political and cultural contexts in which people or issues are situated, and to workings of power through ideologies or discourses (Allan, 2003, p.58). Structural social work views social problems as arising from a specific societal context, that being liberal/neo-conservative capitalism, rather than from the failings of individuals (Mullaly, 1997). StructuralShow MoreRelatedEssay Sociology676 Words   |  3 Pages For each, what are the key tenets? How does each explain how society works? Functionalist Perspectives† also known as Structural-Functional Paradigm†- â€Å"The sociological approach that views society as a stable, orderly system. According to this perspective, a society is composed of interrelated parts, each of which serves a function and (ideally) contributes to the overall stability of the society. Societies develop social structures, or institutions that persist because they play a part in helpingRead MoreTheoretical Perspectives Of Abortion879 Words   |  4 Pagesbe examined by the three theoretical perspectives; Structural Functionalism, Conflict Theory, and Postmodern Theory. This essay explains what the three theoretical perspectives are and how they view the social issue of abortion. Structural Functionalism states that everything in society serves a purpose, whether it is positive or negative. Structuralists look at the bigger picture of culture. The positive aspects of abortion, from the structural functionalists’ point of view, are that it allows womenRead MoreRadical Criminological Theories Of Conflict Theory2262 Words   |  10 Pagesconflict theory assumes that society is based primarily on conflict between competing interest groups. Some current examples of this would be the all lives movement versus the black lives movement, and republicans versus democrats. Usually, in these cases one group is more dominant than the other as it has assumed more power versus the more subordinate group. Conflict theory originated with the work of Karl Marx in the mid-1800s. Marx understood human society in terms of conflict between social classesRead MoreCanadian Social Work Practice : A New Horizon Of Learning Essay1660 Words   |  7 PagesCanadian Social Work P ractice: A New Horizon of Learning My clear and definite understanding of critical theories and postmodern thoughts provides me significant and appropriate frameworks to practice as a progressive social worker in Canadian context (Morley, 2003). My exploration of reflective practice and the fundamentals of critical self reflection approach enhanced my understanding of specific client situations. Moreover, my learning about anti-racist and anti-oppressive practice helpsRead MoreNarrative Therapy1612 Words   |  7 Pagesnarrative therapy which gained popularity in the 1990’s (Biggs Hinton-Bayre, 2008). In developing narrative therapy White and Epston were influenced by many of their peers. These peers included leading figures such as post modernist Michael Foucault, social scientist Gregory Bateson, and cognitive psychologist Jerome Bruner to name a few (Biggs Hinton-Bayre, 2008). As one can see these are individuals with varying backgrounds and specialties. To provide a brief overview of narrative therapy it is aRead Morecheat sheet1448 Words   |  6 PagesWright Mills, the beginner’s mind from Bernard McGrane, and the idea of culture shock from anthropology. Explain what all three of these concepts have in common. Response: All three of these concepts have in common are the idea of breaking down social barriers to gain a different perspective on culture people and behaviors. When a person is in a new area where the culture is different it is betters to break down walls and keep an open mind they all deal with society and the differences theyRead MoreP Mod Family1214 Words   |  5 Pagesfamilies, biology/legal ties are not the only basis for those | | | |claims. | | |Traditional theories do not |Traditional structural theories, Functionalism, Marxism, and Feminism, assume the | | |explain the society of today. |family being explained is the traditional nuclear family, this is not relevant any | | | Read MoreConsumerism In Fight Club1485 Words   |  6 Pagesmasculinity and the effects of social stratification through numerous sociological concepts such as conflict, postmodern, structural strain theory. The escape of conventionalism may result in the lack of resources to contribute a society’s goals. In the film, Tyler mentioned We ve all been raised to believe that we ll be millionaires and movie idols. But we won t!. (Fincher 1999). This quote demonstrates that the â€Å"American Dream† is where anyone can become rich if they work hard and provide servicesRead MoreOutline and Evaluate Postmodern Views on the Diversity of Family Life984 Words   |  4 PagesOutline and evaluate postmodern views on the diversity of family life† Postmodern sociologists support the view that family has become diverse in contemporary UK. They see that people have become fragmented and identities are more individualistic, meaning everyone is different and let them be. Family life is different for everyone. Stacey (1996) says that the family no longer progresses through a range of stages. Meaning everyone is diverse, and that there is no longer a dominant type ofRead MoreAn Sociological Study And What We Call Sociological Imagination Essay736 Words   |  3 PagesIn these postmodern times where what was is no longer, or another power, we live in constant change. But man is trapped in their daily lives, he lives in a moral paralysis without fully accept that life affects you, it affects society because both are considered together. Our time is characterized by malaise and indifference, lack of values ​​and feel threatened. The task of the social scientist is to clarify the elements of contemporary uneasiness and in difference. Today the information exceeds

Treating Animals with the Same Respect as Humans Free Essays

Treating animals with the same respect as humans In 2012 there were 35 000 animal cruelty cases reported in the media all over the world. What is more, there are many atrocious videos posted on the internet in which animals are being ill-treated or killed. Statistically, one fifth of all domestic animals are not well treated. We will write a custom essay sample on Treating Animals with the Same Respect as Humans or any similar topic only for you Order Now These facts arouse the question: ‘Should animals be treated with the same respect as humans? ’. In spite of the fact that animals are not conscious thinking creatures, they should be treated as humans because they are biologically similar to us and they are our companions. First and foremost, animals are biologically similar to humans. Their genetic code is similar to ours because it is made of the same nucleotides that encode amino acids. DNA is the carrier of genetic information in which our behaviour, appearance and genetic predispositions are encoded. Human and animals’ structure of DNA is almost the same. The best example is the DNA of the great apes which is in 95 percent similar to the human. Even though many people can say that animals do not feel anything, animals are able to feel pain, happiness or anger owing to the developed nervous system. The typical examples of that are a dog which howls when it feels pain and a cat which purrs when it is being stroked. Many experiments were held in which e. g. chimpanzees were learnt how to count fruits shown on the screen and with the right answer they were getting a reward, and they were able to learn it which is the clear proof that they are able to learn certain conducts in the course of time. Furthermore, many species of animals are human companions. Choicely trained dogs are used to help blind people function in the world. Jack is one of the many people who without his dog would only have to stay at home and be dependent on his family. However, it is not the life that those people want to live and dogs are the unbeatable mean of helping them in their day-to-day activities. Secondly, enormously keen sense of smell that sniffer dogs have is most useful in rescuing people who have been trapped under the rubble because they can smell the scent of human in the places where the sight of rescue team is limited. Cats or hamsters are bred because of the very simple reason – they are ideal for children. Most of them are tame and they like being stroked. On the other hand, opponents say that animals should not be treated as humans because they are not conscious thinking creatures. The only way of communication between them is using primitive codes, not developed language e. g. bees are dancing in order to communicate something to others or elephants are making sounds that are not audible for humans. What is more, these codes are only used by them in order to survive their assemblage. All in all, no matter what opponents may say, animals should be treated with the same respect as humans. They are biologically similar to humans at the DNA level and they are perfect human companions used in order to help people and beguile their free time. They should not be treated as if they did not feel anything. How to cite Treating Animals with the Same Respect as Humans, Papers

Organization Theories and the Human Relations Theories

Question: Organization theories and the Human Relations theories. In what way are the two sets of theories compatible with each other? In what way are they in conflict with each other? How might both these theories be useful in understanding organizational phenomena and organizational actions? Use real-world examples to illustrate your analysis. Answer: Introduction The classical organization theory is the combination of the scientific management, bureaucratic and administrative theory. Frederick Taylor stated the scientific management theory in the year 1917 (Hatch Cunliffe, 2013). The theory consists of four basic principles (Bybee, 2013): to observe the best way one can perform the task, Rank each person in each task, Use reward and punishments as key motivating steps for the workers, The management deals with the planning and control. Max Webers bureaucratic theory emphasized the importance of the division of labor (Hatch Cunliffe, 2013). The administrative theory is given by Mooney and Reiley (1931) which states that there exist a set of principles that will be applied to all the organization (Jiang et al., 2012). Human Resource theories explain the behaviors and structures of the management can result in the change of the employee behavior (Jiang et al., 2012). Acting upon the basic understandings of the Organizational behavior and HR theories, the small business owners can minimize the number of workers and thus, result in the increase in creativity and productivity (Hudson, 2015). The classical organization and the human resource theories are the management theories that are used even today. Both the theories are compatible with each other and the points of compatibility and differences have been discussed in brief below. Classical organization theory and Human resource theory compatibility There are several points where Organizational theory and Human resource theory are compatible with each other. Some of the points are discussed below (Hudson, 2015): Both the theories make use of different subjects: Organizational behavior and human resource theories are the combinations of several fields of sciences that include psychology, economics, political science, medicine, engineering, anthropology and many others (Marion Gonzales, 2013). For example study of medicine helps in understanding as to how the long- term stress affects the health of the employee (Bybee, 2013). Organizational functions: The HR theory states two points- The job performance and the increase in motivation of the workers (Hudson, 2015). Henry Fayol has stated that workers perform smoothly only when the management is working smoothly. This theory helps in laying down the main functions of management i.e. Planning, Organization, managing and controlling (Shafritz Ott Jang, 2015). Employee motivation: The classical theory and the human resource theory both the theories lay emphasis on the employee motivation (Hatch Cunliffe, 2013). Employee motivation will result in the efficient functioning of the organization. The human relations theory emerged with the belief that people desire to be a part of a team where there is the opportunity to grow and develop (Shafritz Ott Jang, 2015) Conflicts between Classical approach and Human relations approach Human relations theory laid its emphasis on the value the employee is creating and it also includes the needs and contribution of the employees (Hudson, 2015). Classical theory laid its emphasis on the good of the organization. The classical Management approach was developed to handle the problems that were arising in the factories (Jiang et al., 2012). The Approach found the way of managing and performing the task. The approach laid down certain standard method for doing the job and people were given training and worked more like machines (Shafritz Ott Jang, 2015). The approach states that to do the good job the worker's economic needs should be attained (Hudson, 2015). This thought is derived by the Adam Smith in his book named economic theory which stated that nature of the humans is rational (Hatch Cunliffe, 2013). Thus, the employee needs motivation in monetary terms. The Human Relations theories focused mainly on human workings and increasing the productivity of the work (Marion Gonzales, 2013). This Approach uses Maslow's hierarchy of needs which reflects that every human being has some needs that affect his performance and motivation. The needs that affect the performance of the workers are as follows: Physiological, safety, social, esteem and self- actualization needs (Bybee, 2013). Classical theory can establish the harmony in the organization by using the principles of commanding, planning and controlling (Bybee, 2013). This is why many big organizations follow this method. On the other hand, Human Relations Approach lays emphasis on the personnel management and leads to the better performance amongst the workers (Hatch Cunliffe, 2013). Classical organization theory and human resource theories are useful in understanding organizational phenomena and organizational actions The Organization conceptions and principles that are followed by the classical organization thus have a practical value in the organization (Jiang et al., 2012). The Human resource theory can turn into an advantage for the organization. Nowadays emphasis is being made on making the workforce competent and motivated to understand their role and deliver best results for the organization (Hudson, 2015). There are various motivating factors for the workers such as Incentives, promotions, job enrichment and job empowerment (Jiang et al., 2012). The employees of an organization play a very vital role. The Maslows theory is still used in the organization and forms the basis of motivational schemes in an organization (Bybee, 2013). The focus should be laid on employee motivation which results in high performance in the organization. However, even today human resource theory and the classical organization are being used by every organization ("Human Relations Management Theory Basics", 2011). The big organization such as General Motors, Ford Motor, Dell, Johnson Johnson, and Microsoft or the small organization all follows the theories of human resource and classical organization ("Human Relations Management Theory Basics", 2011). The companies create work division with response to the quality of the work the workers are provided the incentives and other benefits, on the other hand, human resource conducts the induction program for the employees, motivates employees to work hard. Reference Bybee, J. L. (2013). Usage-based theory and exemplar representations of constructions. InThe Oxford handbook of construction grammar. Hatch, M. J., Cunliffe, A. L. (2013).Organization theory: modern, symbolic and postmodern perspectives. Oxford university press. https://www.business.com/management-theory/human-relations-management-theory-basics/ Hudson, J. R. (2015). Theories of management. Jiang, K., Lepak, D. P., Hu, J., Baer, J. C. (2012). How does human resource management influence organizational outcomes? A meta-analytic investigation of mediating mechanisms.Academy of management Journal,55(6), 1264-1294. Marion, R., Gonzales, L. D. (2013).Leadership in education: Organizational theory for the practitioner. Waveland Press. Shafritz, J. M., Ott, J. S., Jang, Y. S. (2015).Classics of organization theory. Cengage Learning.